Of the many parables Jesus told during His earthly ministry very few have had the popularity and impact of today’s Gospel story of the Good Samaritan. The Good Samaritan has been portrayed in famous pieces of art; it has been used to name innumerable hospitals and health care systems; and in everyday speech the expression has become the standard means of referring to anyone who gives aid to someone they don’t know.
But there is a danger in thinking we know the story too well and thinking that we have the parable’s all figured out. In reality, the parable of the Good Samaritan is much more than a simple story of compassionate help. Indeed, the parable is a mini-Gospel encapsulating, in miniature and symbolic form, the entirety of the Good News and the model for all our own Christian living.
Saint Luke sets the scene by introducing a scribe of the Law who attempts to test Jesus about what is required to gain eternal life. When Jesus turns the question back on him, the scribe correctly articulates the two great commands of the Jewish Law: “you shall love the Lord, your God with all your heart, with all your being, with all your strength, and with all your mind; and love your neighbor as yourself."
Then the scribe asks a follow-up question: “Who is my neighbor?”
Jesus doesn’t answer the question directly. Instead, He tells the story of a man traveling along the Jericho road who has been beaten, robbed and left for dead. All his other identifying characteristics are gone; we do not know his name, or what he does for a living, or whether he is rich or poor, a Jew or a Samaritan.
We do know that the road from Jerusalem to Jericho was a very dangerous, desert road. Alone in the wilderness, the traveler would be at the prey of bandits and robbers lying in wait in caves along the route.
In this way, the victim in the parable really stands for every human being, traveling the perilous journeys of life, robbed of grace by the power of the Evil One, bruised and battered by the folly of sin, stripped of dignity and drained of life. The traveler is every man and woman born after the sin of Adam and Eve.
Luke recounts Jesus as describing three travelers who come upon the robbers’ victim while traveling along the Jericho road. The first, a priest of the Jewish Temple, and the second, a Levite, see the wounded traveler, but they choose to pass him by.
They were likely going to Jerusalem to perform some kind of religious duty, and any contact with a corpse would have made them ritually unclean. Not truly evil men, they are, more likely, good people caught in a moral dilemma, weighing two different goods . . . but they make their choice based on their needs, not the needs of their neighbor, the robbers’ victim.
The third traveler Jesus speaks of is a Samaritan. The Jews of Jesus’ time despised and feared the Samaritans as heretics and outcasts. And yet, the Samaritan proves to be the story’s character of profound compassion – a man willing to take a risk of falling victim to the same thieves as he leaves the road to investigate the wounded man.
The Good Samaritan lifts the victim up, carries him to a home, assures his safe shelter, anoints him with healing balm, and pays the entire cost for the man to be healed and restored.
Jesus says that the Samaritan was “moved with compassion” – the very same expression that Saint Luke uses, on several other occasions in his Gospel, to describe Jesus’ response to the need of lepers, and widows, and sinners for whom Jesus performed a great miracle of healing or raising to life.
So, if we can see ourselves in the wounded traveler, or perhaps in the priest and Levite who selfishly pass by, who exactly is the Good Samaritan?
It is God become human, Jesus Christ our Lord! You see, this parable is a kind of miniature Gospel, because Jesus is Himself the Good Samaritan, who though an outsider and the despised one, came to lift us up, heal us, and restore us to life and dignity. Even though we had fallen into the snares laid by sin and death, Jesus came and walked among us on the road of human life, with all its dangers and suffering, and He saved us and brought us home.
This parable is also a summation of our entire mission as Christian disciples, because when Jesus concludes the parable, he tells the scribe: “go and do likewise.” That’s more than telling him to think better of those who are considered outcasts like the Samaritans; or telling him to care for even those who are strangers – though clearly we should do those things. No, Jesus was really telling him to act like God!
Brothers and sisters, when we hear this parable of the Good Samaritan, we are supposed to find ourselves not only in the place of the victim traveler, but also in the place of the Good Samaritan, “moved with compassion” just as Jesus was whenever He encountered human suffering and human needs.
Compassion is the divine quality that, when present in human beings, enables us to feel deeply the suffering of others and move from being an observer to being a caregiver; from caring for only ourselves, to being a vehicle of God’s mercy and love in another person’s life.
That’s the deep and profound meaning of today’s parable: the answer to the scribe’s question, “what must I do to inherit eternal life,” is that we are to act as God has acted! We are to love one another as God has loved us.
So, we should ask ourselves: do we imagine that our responsibility as Christians is merely to do good when we happen to come across someone in dire need?
Or do we recognize that our Baptism has conformed us to Christ, and that we are to serve, as He served, all those who are wounded by sin, robbed of justice and dignity, and left for dead by the rest of the world?
We should give a high priority to building a more just and peaceful society, and economy, and government. We should be eager to spend our talents, and wealth, and energy for the sake of the downtrodden, the powerless, and the forgotten.
And if we fear that we do not have the wisdom, or the strength, or even the depth of compassion that is necessary to love others as God has loved us, we can listen once more to the words of Moses from tonight’s first reading:
"This command that I enjoin on you today is not too mysterious and remote for you . . . No, it is something very near to you, already in your mouths and in your hearts; you have only to carry it out."
Brothers and sisters, through Baptism, and Confirmation, and the Eucharist Christ’s Spirit is “very near” to us – “already in our mouths and in our hearts” – ready to “move us with compassion” for our brothers and sisters, so that we can “go and do likewise.”
It is only for us to listen to that inner voice of the Spirit and “to carry it out.”